The operation of a car's air conditioning system is based on a circulation system composed of individual components. In this case, a refrigerant (freon) is compressed, liquefied, and releases heat. The refrigerant then evaporates again, absorbing heat and cooling the air, which is subsequently supplied to the interior of the vehicle through the ducts.

The individual components of the cooling circuit are connected via a network of flexible hoses, through which the refrigerant can circulate. Flexible hoses are used throughout the air conditioning system where pipe connections are very rigid. Within the circuit, both the pressure and temperature requirements of the refrigerant vary, so the corresponding requirements for the hoses used must be met. Additionally, the hose dimensions often need to be adapted to the specific air conditioning system and consist of multiple layers of different plastics. Thus, the outer covering of the hose is often made of synthetic rubber, in which a PET or similar plastic carrier is embedded. The interior of the hose has a special coating resistant to the refrigerant. Metal mesh coverings are also frequently used.

The complete sealing of the hoses is often affected by engine vibrations and operating conditions, and refrigerant can leak from the flexible hoses and other connections of the cooling circuit. For this reason, an annual inspection is recommended, as extensive refrigerant loss can not only reduce performance but also damage the system compressor, potentially carrying the lubricating refrigerant oil out of the crankcase.

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